Pope Pius X (b. 2 June 1835 – d. 20 August 1914), born Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto, began his pontificate on 4 August 1903. He is known for opposing modernist thought and as a bishop proposed a new catechism for laymen in 1880. The decree “Lamentabili Sane: Condemning the Errors of the Modernists” was published on 3 July 1907 by the Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office at the command of Pope Pius X. This is not to be confused for the famous “Syllabus of Errors” issued in 1864

Part III briefly examines the support for the papacy according to Scripture and Tradition. It is assumed that one has a general understanding of the content covered in Part I and Part II.

Mariology is a two-volume text in English, first published in 1946, of the work by German priest Matthias Joseph Scheeben (b. 1835 – d....

Pope Leo XIII (b. 2 March 1810 – d. 20 July 1903), born Gioacchino Vincenzo Raffaele Luigi Pecci, began his pontificate on 20 February 1878. His papacy is the fourth longest in the history of the Church. He is known for having composed the Prayer to Archangel St Michael and for the encyclical “ Humanum Genus ” on freemasonry published on 20 April 1884. As humanism and materialism were (and still are) promoted by freemasonry and its tentacles, spiritual matters get neglected i

A Manual of Catholic Theology is a two-volume text in English by Joseph Wilhelm & Thomas B. Scannell. The first edition was published in...

German priest and professor of dogmatic theology Heinrich Joseph Dominicus Denzinger first published in 1854 Enchiridion Symbolorum,...